# Glossaries

1. **TEE (Trusted Execution Environments)**: Trusted Execution Environments (TEEs) are secure areas of a main processor. They guarantee code and data loaded inside are protected concerning confidentiality and integrity. A TEE provides a way to run specific code in isolation from the main operating system, enhancing security.
2. **OT (Oblivious Transfer)**: Oblivious transfer is a type of protocol in which a sender transfers one of potentially many pieces of information to a receiver, but remains unaware of what piece has been transferred. It's a fundamental protocol in the field of secure multi-party computation and private data retrieval.
3. **GC (Garbled Circuits)**: Garbled Circuits are a cryptographic protocol that allows the execution of a computation (a circuit) on encrypted inputs to produce an encrypted result. The entity evaluating the circuit does not learn anything about the inputs, outputs, or the function itself.
4. **Intel SGX (Software Guard Extensions)**: Intel SGX is a set of security-related instruction codes that are built into some modern Intel central processing units (CPUs). They allow user-level code to allocate private regions of memory, called enclaves, which are designed to be protected from processes running at higher privilege levels.
5. **AMD SEV (Secure Encrypted Virtualization)**: AMD's Secure Encrypted Virtualization (SEV) is a hardware feature aimed at securing virtual machines by encrypting the memory of each VM with a unique key, isolating it from the hypervisor or other VMs, and reducing the attack surface from privileged software.
6. **ARM TrustZone**: ARM TrustZone technology is a system-wide approach to security for a wide array of client and server computing platforms, including handsets, tablets, and other embedded devices. It creates an isolated secure world, separated from the normal world (non-secure world), where confidential and integrity-sensitive code can be executed.
7. **Set-membership Proofs**: These are cryptographic protocols that allow a prover to demonstrate that a certain piece of information belongs to a specific set of values, without revealing the actual piece of information and without the verifier needing to know all elements in the set.
8. **DCAP (Data Center Attestation Primitives)**: DCAP refers to a set of technologies used to verify the integrity and trustworthiness of hardware platforms, particularly in data centers. These primitives allow for the attestation of an enclave (secure execution environment) in a more scalable manner suitable for cloud or data center environments.
9. **Remote Attestation**: This is a process used in Trusted Computing in which a hardware device's integrity and authenticity are verified by a remote verifier. By this process, the device proves that it is running the intended software, free from malware or tampering, without revealing the data contained within the software.
10. **ORAM (Oblivious RAM)**: Oblivious RAM is a cryptographic protocol designed to obfuscate the pattern of access to a storage system. It allows a client to interact with a remote server to store and retrieve data securely, without the server learning which data is being stored or retrieved by the client.
11. **ZKP (Zero-Knowledge Proofs)**: A zero-knowledge proof is a cryptographic method that allows one party (the prover) to prove to another party (the verifier) that they know a value x, without conveying any information apart from the fact that they know the value x. It's a way of sharing proof of knowledge without revealing the knowledge itself.
12. **MPC (Multi-Party Computation)**: Multi-party computation (MPC) is a branch of cryptography that enables parties to jointly compute a function over their inputs while keeping these inputs private. MPC enables secure cross-organization data analysis and processing while maintaining data privacy.